Nobel Prizes and Laureates 2000
1. Nobel Laureates - Zhores I. Alferov and Herbert Kroemer
Field - Physics
Contribution - Developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics.
2. Nobel Laureates - Jack S. Kilby
Field - Physics
Contribution - For his part in the invention of the integrated circuit.
3. Nobel Laureates - Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa.
Field - Chemistry
Contribution - Discovery and development of conductive polymers.
4. Nobel Laureates - Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric R. Kandel
Field - Physiology or Medicine
Contribution - Discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system.
5. Nobel Laureates - Gao Xingjian
Field - Literature
Contribution - for an aeuvre of universal validity,
bitter insights and linguistic ingenuity, which has opened new paths for the Chinese novel and drama.
6. Nobel Laureates - Kim Dae-jung
Field - Peace
Contribution - for his work for democracy and human rights in South Korea and in East Asia in general,
and for peace and reconciliation with North Korea in particular.
7. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize - James J. Heckman
Field - Economic Sciences
Contribution - Development of theory and methods for analyzing selective samples.
8. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize - Daniel L. McFadden
Field - Economic Sciences
Contribution - Development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice.